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Research Papers in Chemical Ecology
All Publications by John Byers John A. Byers and Coauthors
Host Plant Selection:
1. Avoidance of nonhost tree and plant volatiles by pine bark beetles
Study area near Sjöbo, Sweden, in Scotch Pine Forest

2. Avoidance of host and nonhost tree volatiles by pine bark beetles
Study area near Sjöbo, Sweden, in Scotch Pine Forest

3. Birch volatiles inhibit spruce bark beetles
forest of birch (Betula pendula and B. pubescens) and Norway spruce (Picea abies), Torsby, Sweden

4. Attraction to ethanol and monoterpenes

5. Host- and mate-recognition
Pityogenes chalcographus on Norway spruce bark (with young needles)

6. Olfactory recognition of host-tree susceptibility
Tomicus piniperda on Scotch pine (bark cut away with resin exudation)

7. Host unsuitability recognized in flight

8. Attraction of elm bark beetle to elm

Pheromone Biosynthesis:
1. Pheromone precursor in 5 Pine species
Digger (left, background) and ponderosa pine (right) in California

2. Myrcene from host tree as pheromone precursor

3. Symbiotic microorganisms and pheromone biosynthesis?
Ips paraconfusus on synthetic diet

4. Sex, maturity, and host-tree effects on biosynthesis
mature and callow Ips paraconfusus

5. Ips paraconfusus pheromone biosynthesis
Ips paraconfusus hindgut vs. blue sewing thread

6. Male-specific biosynthesis of inhibitor

Alarm and Defensive Chemicals:
1. Cost of aphid alarm pheromone production
cotton aphids on cotton

2. Defensive chemicals of plant bug Lygus hesperus
Lygus hesperus plant bugs, male and female, on cotton leaf

Competition:
1. Mutual avoidance of competition
Spacing apart of Pityogenes chalcographus and Ips typographus attacks on Norway spruce

2. Review: Avoiding competition in bark beetles

3. Female bark beetle avoids trans-verbenol and competition

4. Regulation of competition in Ips paraconfusus by pheromone
boring dust (frass) from entrance hole of Ips paraconfusus in ponderosa pine

5. Interspecific inhibition and competition

Mating and Colonization Ecology:
1. Mate-finding behavior of pine shoot beetles
Tomicus piniperda (female) on Scotch pine

2. Pheromones regulating competition and host colonization
Resin-covered pair of Dendroctonus brevicomis at entrance hole on ponderosa pine

3. Effect of mating on pheromone
Stridulatory organ of female Ips paraconfusus
Isolation of Semiochemicals:
1. Isolation of P. chalcographus aggregation pheromone
Pityogenes chalcographus on Norway spruce

2. Isolation of Ips duplicatus aggregation pheromone

3. Subtractive - Combination method
comparison of additive- and subtractive combinations of chemical fractions for bioassay

4. Heater Coils for Transfer Lines
heated transfer line softward

Dispersal and Host-Finding Models:
1. Searching for susceptible host trees
Norway spruce (Picea abies) forest, Värmland, Sweden

2. Dispersal out through rings of pheromone traps

3. Insect population control by pheromone traps

4. Effective Attraction Radius: EAR

Orientation Behavior:
1. Odor-modulated anemotaxis and clumped arrival
portable fraction collector to monitor bark beetle arrival to pheromone

2. Orientation of bark beetles in a grid of pheromone traps
puddle trap catching bark beetles attracted to pheromone

3. Rotating windvane traps and upwind orientation

4. Interacting plumes
ponderosa pine forest near Oakhurst, California

5. Interspecific effects on attraction

Host Tree Chemistry and Semiochemicals:
1. Host tree chemistry affecting bark beetles
Conifers on campus of SLU-Alnarp, Sweden

2. Chemical Ecology of Bark Beetles

3. Plant galls and growth hormones induced by insects

Evolution and Chemical Structures:
1. Chalcogran and Methyl 2,4-Decadienoate
active enantiomer of chalcogran, a pheromone component of Pityogenes chalcographus

2. Constraints on Moth Pheromone Isomers
Java software to calculate number of moth pheromone isomers

3. Evolution of Communication Channels
Moth communication channels and speciation

Release of Semiochemicals:
1. Diffusion - Dilution method

2. Piezoelectric Sprayer
Rotating funnel traps with plexiglass barrier above trap in foreground with piezoelectric sprayer
Locust Semiochemicals:
1. Pheromones and chemical ecology of locusts

Trends in Chemical Ecology :
1. Computer analysis of trends in Chemical Ecology

2. Internet programs for drawing moth pheromone analogs
drawing moth analogs on Internet

Images © 1996-2007 by John A. Byers, Present address:
Research Supported by Grants to D.L. Wood, UC Berkeley (USDA, NSF); J. Löfqvist (NFR, SJFR), Lund Univ.; J.A. Byers (SJFR at Lund Univ. and SLU Alnarp); and USDA-ARS to Integrated Pest Management and Biological Control Unit of Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, Arizona.